In common with most other parasitic weeds, it is not especially invasive in natural. Effectiveness of video mediated learning and farmer field. Assessment of management options on striga infestation and maize grain yield in kenya fred kanampiu1, dan makumbi2, edna mageto3, gospel omanya4, sammy waruingi5, peter musyoka6. Striga striga asiatica, a parasitic weed inhibition by arbascular mycorrhizal fungi in sugarcane saccharum officinarum madhura a. It is important to have a careful and clear risk assess. Striga, a parasitic weed responsible for over 80% maize crop loss in western kenya. The organisation of the workshop on the biology and control of striga was made. Striga infestation in sorghum is reported to be higher in nigeria than in other west african countries with about 80% 8. This thesis presents a study on the quantification of seed bank dynamics of the parasitic weed striga. Review on striga weed management berhane sibhatu department of agronomy, ethiopian institute of agricultural research, mehoni agricultural research center abstract striga is a major constraint. Weed science assessment of management options on striga. In maize cropland alone, striga has infested about 2. Weed striga and its host crop, a new dimension in allelochemistry, in. The potential maize yield in the western kenya is 45.
Herbicide seed treatments for control of purple witchweed striga. Genetic uniformity in an introduced population of witchweed striga asiatica in the united states. Weed management for developing countries was published in the year 1994, and since that time developments in weed management have taken place mainly through the application of new approaches and methods, rather than the introduction of new herbicides weeds still represent an important constraint to crop production in the world. Striga is a parasitic weed which is popularly called witch weed attacking a wide range of crops such as cereals, legumes etc. Striga may result in complete crop loss under the worst of conditions. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates. Striga, commonly known as witchweed, is a genus of parasitic plants that occur naturally in parts of africa, asia, and australia.
Ensure a weed free eld and remove any remaining striga weed. Weed management for developing countries was published in the year 1994, and since that time developments in weed management. Striga controltechnologies and their dissemination. In kenya, the parasite is a serious pest that mainly threatens maize. Integrated management of parasitic plant striga hermonthica in maize. The biology of striga, orobanche, and other rootparasitic. Growth of the parasitic weed was almost completely suppressed, whereas extensive.
Striga witchweed is one of the most important pests that affect food production in the tropics. The manual provides useful information on cropweed competition. Progress on management of parasitic weeds abuelgasim. It grows at the base of infected plants, where it parasitizes. Prevention of seed production by striga by any means has a major effect on the control of this obnoxious weed. Control of witchweed striga hermonthica by intercropping. The weed is common in nyanza and western provinces. For example striga densiflora is a parasitic weed of. A technical manual for parasitic weed research and extension. The weed striga hermonthica has become a big problem and causes severe yield losses in the maize production. The economic consequences of striga hermonthica in maize. Striga may result in complete crop loss under the worst of. In southern africa the repeated cultivation of maize zea mays and climate variability especially frequent and extended droughts have created conditions favouring parasitic weed.
Fao plant production and protection paper 120, food and agriculture organization of the united. Weed control, integrated management, parasitic weed, population, sorghum, millet. Spraying for stemborer control with pesticides is not only expensive and harmful to the environment, but is also ineffective. From soil fertility management, pushpull intercropping and seed treatment to crop improvement, solutions exist. Towards effective resistance to striga in african maize. Proceedings of the second ethiopian weed science workshop.
Genetic diversity of striga and implications for control 75 were compared to s. Hand pulling is the most common control measure used. Kuntze, is a serious problem in many sorghum sorghum bicolor l. This is an indication of poor linkage between research institutions and. Witchweed striga hermonthica in sorghum and millet 1. Evaluation of ecologies and severity of striga weed on.
Video mediated learning on striga weed management 199 photo 1. Options for striga management in kenya technical note series kalro. Controlling striga and other root parasites is difficult because the weed can do much damage to the host crop before emerging above the ground. It is an obligate parasite which is chlorophyllus but usually requires a host plant to complete its life cycle kim, 1994. Parasitic weeds of the families orobanchaceae aeginetia, orobanche, broomrape and. As with all plant pathogens and noxious weeds, the movement and management of striga for research purposes must be done with care.
Ramaiah 2 abstract striga spp witchweeds, are notorious root hemiparasites on cereal and. Farmers knowledge, attitude, and perception of video. Means of biological control of weeds comprise herbivorous insects. Witchweed, striga hermonthica hereafter, referred to as striga, is a major biotic constraint to cereal production in sub. The parasitic weed, striga asiatica, is a major biotic constraint and a serious threat to subsistence cereal crop productions especially in subsahara africa. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page there are a number of possible origins of the name striga, deriving from latin words meaning striate, harshly hairy, lean or witch raynalroques and. Integrated weed management 112 croplife international. Farmers perspectives on the biotic constraint of striga. Witchweed national invasive species information center. Reviews on orobanche 79 and the orobanchaceae 5, have been pub lished in recent years. The array of signal exchanges between striga and its hosts leading. Farmers watching video clips on striga control technologies 2. Although the level of striga infestation and damage is.
Secondary metabolites with striga seed germination stimulatory and postgermination. Review on striga weed management berhane sibhatu department of agronomy, ethiopian institute of agricultural research, mehoni agricultural research center abstractstrigais a major constraint. Integrated weed management systems in sorghum based. Problems and control of parasitic weeds in ethiopia.
Management depends on use of resistant varieties and cultural control measures, including crop rotations, weeding, raising the fertility of soils and the use of trap crops. Striga is known as witch weed because plants diseased by striga display stunted growth and overall droughtlike phenotype long before striga plants appear nail et al. Pdf striga is a major constraint affecting sorghum, maize, other cereal crops, sugar cane and legume crops production in sub saharan africa. In addition, a series of bibliographies on striga, orobanche, and other parasitic weeds is being produced by the weed research organization at oxford, england. Understanding the effects of crop management practices on weed survival and seed production is imperative in improving longterm weed management strategies. Maize farmer preferences for intercropping systems to. A sample of 120 maize farmers was selected through systematic random sampling procedure. Striga weed is commonly known as witchweed or witches weed. Striga is a major constraint affecting sorghum, maize, other cereal crops, sugar cane and legume crops production in sub saharan africa. The attack of this weed causes a lot of economic losses.
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